Air-pumping apparatus.



PATENTBD MAR; 3, 190s.l

B. B.B0WBR AIR PUMPING APPARATUS. i

l0 MODEL.

A-PPLIQATIQN FILED AUG. 21, 1900.

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1w: NoRfIls Pneus co., PnoTaLljrno.. wsHlNnToN. D. a

UNITED STATES-- PATENT FFICE.

BYRON BOWER, OF` BAINBRIDGE, GEORGIA.

AIR-PUMPING APPARATUS.'

" sPEcIFrcATIoN arming para of Letters Patent No. 721,662, dated March 3, 1903.

.ippiicationmuugst 21.1900. semina. 27,607. momen.)

To all whom tm/ay con/cern:

Be it known that I, BYRONB. BOWER, a citizen of the United' States, residing at Bainbridge, in the county of Decatur and State of Georgia, have invented certain new anduse- :ful Improvements in Air-Pumping'Apparatus, of which the following is a specification. The general objectief this invention is' to provide improved apparatus for pumping air either for the purpose of compressing it or for exhausting it from areceptacle `or for both compressing and exhausting it.

The special object of my invention is to so construct such apparatus that it may be op` erated athigh speed while handling large vol` umes of air. y

In-y carrying out my invention I provide a casing divided into chambers for the reception and for the discharge of air,'said casing having centrally arranged within it a cylinf der open at opposite ends acting as a guide for a combined cylinder and valve'within which a piston moves and which is itself mov.

, able endwise to control the passageof air from the reception-chamber to the deliverychamber of the casing. The cylinder acts as v a valve and is moved at each stroke of the piston, and other automatic valves are employed coacting with the cylindricalvalve to regulate the passage of air` from one chamber to another. I provide also an additional valve-casing having valve mechanism so arranged that the apparatus may be reversed, what was in the irst case the supply-pipe becoming the discharge-pipe, `and vice versa. l

Said reversing mechanism may be actuated periodically or at long intervals toreverse the action of the pump, or the pump may bel used without said reversing mechanism.

The details of construction-are hereinafter fully described and the` subject matter v deemed novelset forth in the claims.

In the accompanying drawingsfFigurel i shows a front elevation of my improved airl dinal section of the apparatus.

pumping apparatus,only so much of the mechanism employed being shown as is necessary to illustrate my invention.` Fig. 2 is a v-iew on an enlarged scale, showing a central longitu- Fig. 3 is an elevation showing details of the mechanism -the piston.

:for actuating the endwise-movable cylinder and also details ofthe mechanism employed -for actuating the reversing-valve. Fig. 4

shows a transverse section of the' apparatus. Fig. 5 isa View, partly in side elevationand partly in vcentral longitudinal section, of a modified formof pumping apparatus embodying,4 my improvements. Y

Referring first to Figs. l to 4, which show the preferred form of the apparatus, A indicates a casing, which is of general cylindrical form reduced at opposite ends c, where it is V`screw-threaded to receive caps B B', which may be removed, when desired, the' joints between the caps and the casing being packed,

if necessary. Centrally arranged within the casing is a stationary guide-cylinder C. This of the casing A, and it is shorter longitudinally than said casing.

, The annular space between the guide-cylinder C and the interior of the casing A is dividedlongitudinally by a'partition D into two chambers X and Y, which may be of equal area, one being used as a chamberfor receivvfrom one partition, to the other, y, and this cylinder opens at opposite ends into the chambers E and F at opposite ends of the casing A. Near each end, inside thecorresponding is of much smaller diameter than the interior partition fr org/,the guide-cylinder C is enlarged,`as at c c. Theseienlarg'ements are for the most part closed; but they are provided with openings C C2, of large area and both to receive a packing-ringf, which may be made of metal. The cylindergat each end is y.commu nicatingwith the chamber Y. Ateach l' Aend 4the cylinder C, where it extends past-the l partitions :1; and y, is formed Avvitha `flange f 95 also screw-threaded at'f2 to receive'a metalf lic screw-threaded ring G. A ring f3, of rubber, leather, or similar material, is interposed reol between the ring G and the ring f. These three rings Grff3 are assembled, as shown, to form valve-seats.

Within the guide-cylinder C is an endwisemovable cylinder H, acting also as a guide for the piston-head I. The cylinder H is adapted to reciprocate in the guide-cylinder C, which latter is preferably provided with bearingrings c5, located, preferably, just inside the enlargements c c' of the guide-cylinders. The cylinder H extends into the enlarged portions of the guide-cylinder, and it is provided with an annular enlargement h at each end, preferably made slightly conical or tapering and adapted to lit a corresponding surface on the corresponding valve-seat ringf and also on the ring f3, interposed between the valve-seat ring G and the ring f'. The ringf3 may be made of rubber, leather, or other similar material.

At the lower end of the cylinder H is located a valve J. This valve is adapted to fit a corresponding surface on the valve-ring G, and the valve is normally seated by a springj, interposed between. the valve and the cap B. The valve may be guided by a stem j', guided by a chamber t7'2 on the cap B. The valve is closed by the spring and is opened automatically during the downward movement of the piston. At the opposite end of the cylinder H is located a valve K. This valve is adapted to rise and fall on the piston-rod L. It may be closed by a spring or by gravity. This valve is preferably tapered and fits a corresponding seat on the corresponding valvering Gr. The piston-rod L is connected with an arm m on a crank-shaft M. The cylindervalve H is connected by a rod N with a frame O, which is slotted ato for the passage of the shaft M, and it is provided at opposite ends with rollers 0, against which bears a cam O', secured to the shaft M, the arrangement being such that as the shaft M is rotated the cam also will be rotated and will act on the rollers o to cause the frame O to rise and fall and correspondingly actuate the rod N, which in turn changes the position of the cylindrical valve H. The rod N preferably extends through a tubular sleeve or casing n and through suitable packing.

The air is admitted to the chamber Y through a port P, and it is discharged through either a port P or a port P2, depending on the position of the reversing-valves, hereinafter described. It would be 'sufficient to merely provide a port P for the admission of air to the chamber Y and a single port for the exhaust of air therefrom, and the apparatus might be employed in this way to either compress air or to exhaust it. I prefer, however, to employ the reversing mechanism shown and will therefore proceed to describe it.

On the outside of the casing A is located another casing which is provided with a port Q, communicating with the port P and with ports Q Q2, communicating with the ports P and P2, respectively. On its opposite side the casing Q is provided with couplings Q3 Q4, which connect with pipes for the admission or discharge' of air. The casing is provided on its interior with a shell Q', formed with valve-seats. There is a valve-seat Q5 Q10 on each side of the port Q, and there is a valve-seat Q6 between the port P' and the coupling Q4, and also a valve-seat Q7 between the port P2 and the coupling Q3. Two valvesR and R are arranged within the shell, the valve VR being arranged to seat either on the valveseat Q10 or the valve-seat Q6, while the valve R is adapted to seat either on the valve-seat Q5 or the valve-seat Q7. The valves are connected by a valve-rod S,which extends through packing s in the top of the valve-casing and also extends into a guide s' in the lower end thereof. The valve-stem is connected with a pitman-rod S', which is secured at its upper end to a frame T, slotted at t to receive a shaft U, on which is secured a cam U', adapted to turn between rollers t', carried by the frame T, the arrangement being such that when the shaft U is rotated the cam will be correspondingly rotated and will act on the rollers t' to raise and lower the frame and correspondingly raise and lower the valves R R to shift their position. The shaft U has secured to it a large gear-wheel V, which gears with a small gear wheel or pinion 'u on the shaft M. The arrangement is such that a large number of revolutions of the shaft M are required before the shaft U is rotated or turned sufciently to change the position of the valves R R. When the mechanism is in the position shown in Fig. 2 of the drawings, air will enter through the coupling Q3 and pass through the opening P into the chamber Y, asindieated by the unbroken arrows. The air will lill the chamber Y, but cannot escape from the lower end thereof, as the valve-cylinder H closes thischamber at its lower end. The air therefore passes upward and over the top of the cylinder H and follows the piston I in its downward movement. The air contained in the cylinder l-I will be forced downward by the piston and will force open the valve J. It then passes this valve and thence Hows into the chamber F and thence into the chamber X on the opposite side of the partition D to that shown in Fig. 2. From the chamber X the air flows in the manner indicated by the dotted arrows to the port P,

ying this upward movement the air above the piston will be forced past the valve K into the IOS IIO

vchamber X and will thenfpass out through the port P', as before. This operation is repeated continuously for either compressing or exhausting the air, and it may be uninter` apparatus, so that for a time it will compress and for a time exhaust the air from the same source or receptacle. This is accomplished by the valve-reversing mechanism before described. The apparatus might be operated for,

say, one hundred strokes to carry air through the coupling qs and compress it through the coupling g4, and then the valves R R' 'might be changed, so that the air would be drawn through the coupling g4 and expelled through the coupling Q3. This is accomplished automatically by the gearing shown in Fig. l and before described.

In Fig. 5 I have shown a slight modication. This iigure shows no means for reversing the apparatus, and the mechanism is somewhat simplified. At each end of the apparatus there is a chamber W, the casings of which are closed and connected by an open framing W', provided :with guides w for the endwise-movable cylinder W2. This endwisemovable cylinder W2 is connected with a rod N in a similar way to that described in connection with Figs. l and 2, and it is adapted to be raised and lowered, so as to cause its opposite ends to be alternately brought `in contact with a corresponding valve-seat wz. The chambers W each communicate with a pipe W3, connected with a common deliverypipe W4. There is a valve W5, similar to the valve J, between the lower chamber W and lthe open-work frame, and there is a valve W6,

between the upper chamber W and the frame. The piston-head W7 is adapted to reciprocate in the cylindrical valve W2 and may be op-` erated in the manner illustrated in Fig. 1.

In operation the air always enters through the open-work frame and passes into the valve-cylinder and thence into one of the chambers W, from which latter it is delivered through the pipe W4. In the position shown in the drawings the piston is moving upward, and air enters at the lower end of the valve-cylinder W2, as indicated by the arrow, while the air above the piston isforced past the upper valve into the upper chamber and out through the pipe W4. When the piston W7 is ready to move downward, the cylindrical valve W is rst lowered and seated,

valve, which is alternately shifted at each strokeof the piston for this purpose.-

I claim as my inventionv v l. The combination with a lframe or casing having a chamber at each end formed by internal flanges, a cylinder-guide extending between such ilanges and formed with 'an enlarged chamber adjacent each such flange and provided at its open ends with internal and external valve-seats, of an endwse-movable cylinder entirely open at its ends which extend into said enlarged chambers and is formed with a valve at each lend adapted to seat against said internal valve-seats, automatically-acting valves seating againstsaid external valve-seats, a piston reciprocating insaid cylinder, its piston-rod passing through one of said automatically-acting valves and ports vand passages for admission and expulsion of air.

2. The combination with a frame or casing having a chamber at each end formed by internal fianges, a cylinder-guide extending between such iianges and formed with an enlarged chamber adjacent each such flange and provided at its open ends with internal andk external valve-seats, of an endwise-movable cylinder entirely open at its ends which extend into said enlarged chambers and is formed with a valve at each end adapted to seat against said internal valve-seats, automatically-acting valves seating against said external valve-seats, a piston reciprocating in said cylinder, its piston-rod passing through one of said automatically-acting valves, partitions which divide the annular space between the casing and cylinder-guide into two chambers, and ports and passages for ad mission and expulsion of air. t

3. The combination with a casing having end chambers formed by internal iianges, a cylinder guide extending between such flanges and open at both ends and at its ends formed with valve-seats, of automatically-` acting valves tending normally to close the ends of the cylinder-guide, an endwise-movable cylinder reciprocating in said guide, the piston working therein, and inlet and outlet ports and passages.

IOO

IIO

4. The combination with a casing having end chambers formed by internal iianges, a cylinder-guide extending between such iianges and open at both ends and at its ends` formed with valve-seats, of automaticallyacting valves tending normallyto close the ends ot the cylinder-guide, an endwise-movable cylinder reciprocating in said guide, the piston working therein, the annular space between the casing and cylinder-guide being divided by partitions into two chambers, and` inlet and outlet ports and passages.

` 5. The combination of a casing provided with a reception-chamber and a deliverychamber, a cylindrical valve within the casing, a piston working therein,valveseats for the opposite ends of the cylindrical valve, means for .shifting the position of the cylindrical valve, the iiuid to enter through one or the other of automatic valves at opposite ends of the oyiinthe ports to the reception-chamber. 1o drcai valve, a Valve-casing outside the main In testimony whereof I have hereunto subcasing, having two ports communicating with scribed my name.

the delivery-chamber and another port eom- BYRON B. BOVVER. municating with the reception -chamben Witnesses:

valves governing these ports, and means for B. C. DIOKENSON,

changing the position of the valves to Cause W. G. D. TONGE. 

